Self-Confidence Levels in Sequential Learning Versus Structured Discovery Cane Travel, Post-Orientation and Mobility Instruction: A Comparison Study

By Dr. Merry-Noel Chamberlain

Preferred Citation

Chamberlain, M. N. (2025). Self-confidence levels in sequential learning versus structured discovery cane travel, post-orientation and mobility instruction: A comparison study. Journal of Blindness Innovation & Research, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.5241/15-16

Abstract

Sequential Learning (SL), the medical model of Orientation and Mobility (O&M), was designed for blinded World War II veterans in the 1940s. This preeminent curriculum monopolized the O&M profession, creating a paradigm paralysis, until Structured Discovery Cane Travel (SDCT) made its official debut in 1997. The conceptual framework for this study is William Glasser's Choice Theory, in which ideas or systems of belief direct or oversee behavior, and this principle holds true for both O&M professionals and consumers (individuals who are blind or visually impaired). This comparison study answers the research question: Which curriculum offers consumers the highest level of self-confidence post-instruction? Data was collected through a quantitative study of 40 participants (20 SL, 20 SDCT), who voluntarily responded to an electronic survey. Because of their increased frequency and distances traveled and their decreased need for additional training, study results reveal SDCT consumers’ self-confidence was higher than SL consumers by 32%. In addition, this study discovers that when guide instruction commences prior to introduction of the long white cane (as in the SL curriculum), self-confidence is hindered and leads consumers toward the Custodial Paradigm. However, when instruction of the long white cane and problem-solving is paramount (as in the SDCT curriculum), the foundation for ongoing successful O&M post-instruction is likely, whereby consumers are led toward the Independence Paradigm.

Keywords

Orientation & Mobility, Structured Discovery Cane Travel, sequential learning, NOMC, COMS


Full Text:

HTML BRF

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5241/15-16

The Journal of Blindness Innovation and Research is copyright (c) 2025 to the National Federation of the Blind.